I ride my bike year round in Portland, Or.
We aren't know for ultra cold temps but when I get off work at
6 am or so in December, I often have ice on my seat and icecycles
hanging from the mirrors.
The only oil I have ever used in this bike is
Amsoil full synthetic 15w40 diesel oil. Even on the coldest mornings
(20 degrees or so on occasion), my bike starts first time
every time. The true synthetics(pao oils like Amsoil or Mobile1)
flow so much better then dino oil that a 15 cold-start oil is
going to work much better than almost any dino oil.
Likewise the 40 running-temp is going to protect better than
an w50 dino oil in high heat situatuions.